| Abstract
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In our quest to uncover the secrets of protons, a groundbreaking tool emerges—the
Electron Ion Collider (EIC). Set to be constructed at the Brookhaven National
Laboratory, the EIC will stand as one of the world's largest and most advanced
accelerator facilities. With unparalleled resolving power and intensity, it
functions as a potent microscope, allowing scientists to peer into the core of
protons and reveal the underlying dynamics of their fundamental constituents,
quarks, and gluons.
Augmenting the EIC is Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (Lattice QCD), a computational
method crucial for simulating the behavior of quarks and gluons within protons,
employing cutting-edge supercomputers. By discretizing spacetime into a lattice,
Lattice QCD forms a virtual framework to understand the intricate dynamics of these
elementary particles.
The synergy between real-world observations from the EIC and the virtual laboratory
of Lattice QCD is pivotal, offering a comprehensive understanding of the proton's
intricacies. Together, they hold promises to unveil the fundamental components
governing the properties of the proton, deepening our knowledge, and marking a
significant leap forward in the exploration of particle physics.
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